phd duration in australia

Insight – Charles Sturt University

How long does a PhD take in Australia – and how to plan for one

Embarking on your PhD journey is like to setting sail on uncharted waters. It’s a true journey of discovery – one that no one else has made before. You’ll be a pioneer, bringing new knowledge to the world. A PhD is a transformative expedition marked by intellectual growth, scholarly inquiry and personal perseverance. However, the path to a doctoral degree can appear uncertain. After all, how long does a PhD take in Australia? And what are the steps in a PhD timeline?

We’re going to break it down for you and make the way ahead clear.

Why a PhD is a good idea

There’s no getting around it, deciding to pursue a PhD is a significant commitment. But with so many benefits.

Well, how about the chance to dig deep and unearth never-before-conceived-of ideas in a field you’re passionate about. You get to work at the very frontier of knowledge – and contribute to pushing it forward.

It’s also a chance to make a real impact on academia, industry or society at large. Your ideas could well be transformative in terms of how we think about or do things.

What’s more, a PhD equips you with invaluable skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and project management – at the most advanced level possible – which are highly valued in a wide range of careers.

Speaking of which, earning a PhD can open doors to exciting career prospects and advancement opportunities. In many fields, having a doctoral degree is a prerequisite for pursuing leadership roles, for example. Or conducting high-level research. It will enhance your credibility and prestige within your profession, positioning you as a respected authority and thought leader in your field.

A PhD could also be the doorway to teaching at a university – sharing your knowledge and passion with the next generation.

How long does a PhD take in Australia?

There are no strict timelines when it comes to doing your PhD. After all, there are a lot of factors that can influence how long it take. The time you can devote to it and the specific research topic, just for starters.

However, while there is flex, it’s worth understanding a typical timeline for completing a PhD program in Australia. This can provide valuable insights into what’s involved as you consider this academic pursuit.

So, how long does a PhD take in Australia? Well, it typically ranges from three to four years of full-time study. Opt for part-time study and you can double that. You can also combine the two; taking on more of a full-time load if that suits, then easing off if other commitments need to take precedence.

So, if we take that three-four year timeline as a starting point, here are the three primary phases that typically comprise the doctoral experience.

1. Research proposal and confirmation of candidature (6–12 months)

Your PhD journey will begin with the development of a research proposal. You’ll focus in on the topic you want to explore, the questions you want to answer and the ways it makes a unique contribution. When you have an outline, you then find a supervisor who has expertise in that area and who will be able to guide and support you through the project. You can submit your proposal to us at Charles Sturt University and we will link you to the right person.

With your supervisor on board, you’ll start fleshing out the objectives, methodology and significance of your project within the landscape of the field. Part of which will be seeing what’s already out there through a thorough literature review.

Once your proposal is finalised, you’ll undergo a confirmation of candidature process, where you’ll present your research plan to a panel of experts for evaluation and approval. This stage serves as a formal checkpoint to ensure the viability and merit of your proposed research endeavour – and give you the green light to go forth and discover.

2. Data collection and analysis (12–24 months)

With your research plan approved, you’ll proceed to the heart of your PhD journey: conducting original research and collecting data/material to address your research questions. This phase could involve digging through archives, experimentation or fieldwork, depending on the nature of your project.

You’ll be reading, analysing, cogitating, discussing, checking, double checking – all to interpret and make sense of your findings.

3. Thesis writing and examination (12–18 months)

Once you have your findings – whether that’s new insights into ancient literature, a fresh view on historical events, a groundbreaking treatment for a disease or a cutting-edge tool to combat cybercrime – you’ll transition to the final stretch of your PhD journey: thesis writing and examination.

This stage involves synthesising your research findings, articulating arguments, and crafting a comprehensive thesis document that contributes to the scholarly discourse in your field. The thesis writing process, which can be both intellectually demanding and rewarding, typically spans 12 to 18 months and culminates in the submission of your thesis for examination by a panel of external examiners. Following submission, you’ll undergo a rigorous examination process, which may include an oral defence of your thesis, called a ‘viva voce’.

Then you will be awarded your PhD, can put ‘Dr’ in front of your name – and know you have achieved something very special.

How to plan a PhD

Planning your PhD journey requires careful consideration and strategic thinking. Here are the essential steps to help you chart your course towards earning your doctorate.

1. Find a supervisor

One of the most critical aspects of planning your PhD is finding the right supervisor. Someone who shares your research interests, has a deep knowledge of the subject, knows what it takes to earn a doctoral degree, and who can provide guidance and support throughout your journey. Chat to our team and we can find the right fit for your project and link you to a suitable supervisor.

Here’s what Charles Sturt PhD student Kayla Kopp has to say about supervisors.

“ You wouldn’t be able to complete a PhD without them. Mine are amazing. Always there to encourage, motivate and help – in person, over the phone or via video call. They’re like your own PhD personal trainer behind the scenes. Good supervisors know the right balance between supporting and guiding you and giving you enough freedom to make your own decisions and generate your own learnings.”

2. Explore funding opportunities

Securing funding for your PhD is crucial to alleviate financial burdens and allow you to focus on your research. Here are some avenues to explore for funding your doctoral studies:

• Scholarships and grants: Numerous scholarships and grants are available to support PhD students in Australia. These funding opportunities may be offered by universities, government agencies, research institutions and private foundations. Explore options such as the Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarships – which awards funds to universities like Charles Sturt to fund research student project – university-specific scholarships and discipline-specific grants tailored to your research area.
• Research assistantships and teaching opportunities: You could secure a gig as a research assistant or adjunct teacher at a university. This will not only provide you financial support but also give you valuable experience in academic and research settings. It might also help you decide if teaching is where you want to go after your PhD is completed.
• Industry partnerships and collaborations: If your research project will have a transformational effect on how an industry operates, organisations are going to be very keen to see it come to fruition. So seek out industry partners who could provide financial backing in return for the use of your ideas.
• Research grants and fellowships: Research grants and fellowships may be available through government agencies, research councils, philanthropic organisations, and professional associations. Research grants typically support specific research projects or initiatives. Fellowships provide financial support for the duration of your PhD studies.

3. Assess time availability

Consider your current commitments and think about how much time you can dedicate to your PhD studies. Factors such as work responsibilities, family obligations and personal interests will all come into play. That way you can determine a realistic timeframe for completing your degree. So you can avoid disappointment if you don’t hit unrealistic milestones. And look after your health and wellbeing while you study.

4. Establish milestones and deadlines

Breaking down your PhD journey into manageable milestones and setting realistic deadlines for each stage of your research project is an excellent way to make the journey seem more manageable. Establishing clear goals and timelines helps you stay focused, motivated and accountable throughout the process. Regularly revisit and adjust your milestones based on your progress, evolving research insights and feedback from your supervisor.

5. Build a support network

Navigating the challenges of a PhD journey can be daunting, but you don’t have to go it alone. Build a strong support network: your supervisor, academic peers, mentors, family and friends. And, of course, Charles Sturt’s student services. They can all provide guidance, feedback and also encouragement along the way.

From the initial spark of inspiration to the exhilarating culmination of defending your dissertation, every PhD journey is unique, with its own set of experiences and revelations. Whether you’re still at the “is this feasible” stage, or know exactly which topic you want to dive into, the first step is to chat to our team . They can answer questions any questions. Provide information tailored to your ideas and circumstances. And link you with our research staff.

It’s going to be an amazing journey.

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Doctor of Philosophy

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is an internationally recognised graduate research program that will enable you to become an independent researcher. 

With the guidance of an advisory team, you'll undertake a research project, produce an 80,000-word thesis and complete an oral examination.

A PhD takes 3 to 4 years full-time. Under guidance, you'll develop advanced research skills and knowledge in your chosen field.

The thesis is a substantial document that makes an original contribution to your field of research. Your thesis may involve an alternate format .

You'll need a strong academic background and you may need to submit a research proposal and other documents to support your application. About 1,000 PhD candidates join UQ each year researching a wide range of topics.

Research at UQ

UQ is one of Australia’s top research-intensive universities. Our research makes an impact on the world's cultural, environmental, economic and social challenges.

Learn more about UQ's research

Program highlights

• Be inspired and challenged to explore new ideas and develop greater understanding of complex questions with leading researchers.
• Access premier resources including one of Australia’s largest libraries, with more than 2 million physical resources and 116,800+ journal subscriptions.
• Foster and improve your skills through the Career Development Framework, created with industry.
• Learn from researchers whose work addresses national and global cultural, environmental, economic and social challenges.

41 in the world

CWTS Leiden Ranking 2024

63 in the world

Academic Ranking of World Universities 2024

Supervision

You have to find and contact a thesis supervisor before you apply

This supervisor will support, guide and mentor you through your research, and can introduce you to professional networks that will start your career.

Find a supervisor

3-Minute Thesis

The showcase event for research candidates is the 3-Minute Thesis (3MT). 

3MT is held each spring.

Learn more about the 3MT

Career development

UQ offers a range of development opportunities via the Career Development Framework (CDF) to help you develop portable skills for any career or industry.

Learn more about the CDF

Studying at UQ gave me the flexibility to expand my knowledge across different areas of science outside of my chosen specialty. Keeping my scientific and translational skills broad has allowed me to adapt to different environments and opportunities throughout my career.

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Entry requirements

Gpa equivalent.

Select where you studied and your qualification to see the GPA you need to be considered for this program.

Meeting the GPA requirement doesn’t guarantee admission.

Academic entry requirements

You have to prove you are prepared for PhD study. You do this by showing you:

• have completed some research experience
• have completed an approved university degree  and
• can meet the English language requirements.

Approved degrees

An approved degree needs to be:

• in an area relevant to your proposed PhD project and
• completed no more than 10 years ago.

You need one of the following approved degrees to apply for a PhD:

• Master of Philosophy (or another research master’s degree); or
• Bachelor’s degree from an approved university with at least honours class IIA or equivalent; or
• Coursework master’s degree with an overall grade point average of 5.65 on the 7-point UQ scale which includes relevant research experience, approved by the dean; or
• Postgraduate degree (at least one year full-time or equivalent) with an overall grade point average of 5 on the 7-point UQ scale, together with demonstrated research experience equivalent to honours class IIA will be considered on a case-by-case basis; or
• Bachelor’s degree plus at least 2 years of relevant research experience , including research publications.

Research experience

You'll meet the requirements for admission into a PhD in terms of 'research preparedness' if you can provide evidence that you've planned and executed project work and/or a body of research with some independence.

To demonstrate this, we'll ask you to provide one of the following:

• with completed courses that aim to develop research skills (minimum value of #1 unit e.g. 50 per cent of a #2 unit course), and/or
• the completion of a supervised research project that includes an individually graded written report with a combined minimum course volume equal to #4 units at UQ.
• Scholarly papers involving a substantial contribution as an author, appearing in recognised academic journals or in volumes published by recognised academic publishers.
• Research or technical reports prepared for industry, government or business, which adhere to the broad conventions of academic publishing (i.e. contain an up-to-date review of relevant literature, a description of relevant research methods and an evaluation of results, etc.) and which identify you as a significant contributor.
• A portfolio of published creative work together with published critical discussion of some or all of that work, or of a comparable body of work by others, and which demonstrates your development of a scholarly approach to creative work as research investigation.
• Demonstrable industry or work experience where you can demonstrate that you have planned and executed a project, working with a high level of independence.

Student visas

International students who are accepted into full-time study in the Doctor of Philosophy are eligible to apply for an Australian Student visa (subclass 500).

This program has two CRICOS codes:

• 0100213 – Architecture, creative arts, education, health, information technology, management and commerce, mathematical sciences, social and cultural studies
• 0100214 – Agriculture and environmental studies, dentistry, engineering, human movement, medical studies, natural and physical sciences, pharmacy, psychology, veterinary science

Discuss your proposed project with us to determine which CRICOS code is most relevant for your visa application.

There are a number of requirements you must satisfy before a visa is granted, including the genuine temporary entrant (GTE) requirement.

Learn more about student visas

Additional entry requirements

Many departments will have additional entry requirements and may request documents to support your application, such as a research proposal. You should discuss these additional requirements with your potential thesis supervisor.

Additional application information

Minimum English language proficiency requirements apply, please refer to the English proficiency policy .

English language requirements

There are a few ways you can meet our English language requirements. If you sit a test, the following scores are needed for PhD admission:

Read our English language requirements

Scholarships

There are several types of PhD scholarship:

• tuition fee scholarship : this covers the fees charged by UQ for PhD study
• living stipend scholarship: this is a   fortnightly payment (or stipend) to support your daily expenses
• top-up scholarship: may be provided by external organisations, supervisors, or philanthropic donations. When awarded, they provide an additional payment on top of a living stipend scholarship. They cannot be held without a living stipend scholarship.

Each year, we award more than 600 scholarships to attract and support the highest quality higher degree by research applicants.

View all postgraduate research scholarships

University scholarships

UQ scholarships include:

• Graduate School Scholarships
• Graduate School Tuition Fees Scholarship
• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Scholarships
• Earmarked Scholarships
• The Graduate School Scholarship

Other scholarships

Throughout the year we advertise a range of other research scholarships, including top-up scholarships, travel grants and external scholarships, including:

• Westpac Future Leaders Scholarship

How to apply for a scholarship

You can apply for many scholarships using the same form as your PhD application. External scholarships might have different ways to apply. 

Our Scholarships website explains how to apply for each scholarship. If you are applying for a non-UQ scholarship, outcome dates may vary.

Fees and costs

Tuition fees.

Your fees will vary according to your academic field, study load and whether you study internally or remotely.

Learn more about postgraduate research fees

Research costs

The department you enrol with will meet all necessary costs for your project, including:

• resource and facility costs: at UQ, which may include other organisations in Australia or overseas
• travel costs: to complete fieldwork, collect data, or to visit libraries or other repositories
• coursework costs: for courses studied outside the department
• relevant training: in particular methodologies or techniques.

How to apply

Before you apply, 1. check your eligibility.

Check your eligibility by reviewing the entry requirements for UQ's Higher Degrees by Research. If applying for a scholarship, check the scholarship's eligibility and important dates.

2. Approach a potential supervisor or find a project

You'll either need to find:

• a supervisor in your field who will support your proposed project.  Find a supervisor .
• a project you can join that suits your interests.  See available projects .

If you're choosing a supervisor, you'll need to find one with relevant expertise and get agreement to support your PhD and project.

Many departments will require additional information to make a decision around your motivation, understanding, commitment, and financial support required.

They may request documents to support your application, such as a research proposal. You should discuss these additional requirements with your potential thesis supervisor.

3. Gather your documents

You will need to compile the necessary documents. We will accept scanned copies of original documents, but you will have to keep all original documents for the duration of your studies.

Upload all documents as PDFs and name your files like this: LASTNAME_firstname_document-name.pdf

If any of your documents is in a language other than English, you will need to send both the original document and an official translation.

Send the following documents with your application:

An academic CV assists us to determine your readiness to commence a higher degree by research. For the purposes of this application, your academic CV should be current (i.e. no more than 6 months old) and include information under the following headings:

Personal details

• your full name
• your contact details (phone number, email address, city and country of residence)
• nationality
• languages spoken and proficiency level for each
• your ORCID ID or other research output identifier (such as Google Scholar) if you have one (see the ORCID ID and research identifiers information provided by UQ Library).

As the purpose of this academic CV is to determine your academic suitability for a higher degree by research program at UQ and your competitiveness against other applicants, we only require information that is of direct relevance to our decision-making processes. With this in mind, please do not include the following in your academic CV:

• photographs/head shot
• marital status
• driver’s license
• date of birth/age
• hobbies and interests.

Educational qualifications and academic awards

List each of your formal educational qualifications in reverse chronological order (i.e. with the most recent formal educational qualification listed first). For each qualification, include:

• the commencing and end dates (month and year) for the qualification
• the full title of the qualification (e.g. Bachelor of Arts instead of B.A.)
• the institution attended and the enrolling school/administrative unit
• the city and country where the institution is located
• your Grade Point Average (GPA) for the overall qualification
• any academic achievement awards (e.g. Dean’s awards, subject prizes, University medals, thesis prizes etc.) received for the qualification
• if a research thesis was part of the qualification, include the title and word length of your dissertation.

As part of your application, please submit academic transcripts and degree certificates for each educational qualification you list.

Please do not include:

• high school qualifications
• the individual subjects/courses undertaken throughout your qualifications or the grades awarded for these
• training courses/professional development activities not resulting in a formal qualification.

Professional affiliations and memberships

List any professional/disciplinary associations or committees that you a member of and include:

• the commencing and end date (in years) for the affiliation/membership
• the name of the professional association or committee
• your membership type (e.g. student member, affiliate member, full member etc.) or role (e.g. committee member, secretary, president etc.).

Employment history

List each of your previous employment roles in reverse chronological order (i.e. with the most recent/current employment listed first) and include:

• the commencing and end dates (month and year) for the employment
• the title of each position
• the name of the employing organisation, the city, and country where you were based
• your main duties or accountabilities in that role, providing detailed information on any research-related activities
• any achievements during that role that are relevant to your proposed field of research .

Other research experience

List any voluntary, unpaid, or extra-curricular research-related projects or experiences you have undertaken (e.g. summer research projects, internships etc.) and include:

• the commencing and end dates (month and year) of the experience
• the name of the organisation, the city, and country where you were based

Research outputs

In reverse chronological order (i.e. the most recent output first) list your research outputs,  including for example research published or accepted for publication, research reports, and research by creative practice.

If needed, use sub-headings to separate refereed journal articles, published conference proceedings, edited book chapters, books, creative works, industry reports, invited papers, patents, media commentary, conference presentations and posters, invited talks etc. If applicable, use additional sub-headings to indicate if outputs are published , accepted for publication (but not yet in print), or (submitted but) under review .

Do not include any outputs/publications that are ‘in preparation’ .

For all research outputs, include:

• the output/publication reference using an official bibliographical style (such as Turabian/Chicago, APA, Harvard), including listing all authors in the order that they appear in the work with your name in bold
• the Digital Object Identifier (DOI), PubMed Identifier (PMID), International Standard Book Number (ISBN) or URL where applicable
• the standing of the journal or conference and the impact of the work (e.g. impact factors, citations and other metrics indicators)
• relevant indicators of national or international significance
• rejection rates for the outlet etc.
• how much of the original research you were responsible for (i.e. what was your role in the conception and design of the project and how involved were you in the analysis and interpretation of the research data on which the publication is based?)
• the extent to which you authored the paper.

Research grants and relevant awards

Include only those research grants and relevant awards that you have received at the time of making your application (i.e. do not list grants or awards that you applied for and did not receive or are awaiting a decision on). For each research grant/award, include:

• the name of the granting/awarding body and the country in which they are based
• the name of the grant/award
• the year(s) in which the grant was active or the year in which the award was made
• the amount of the research grant/award
• if relevant (e.g. for research grants), the title of your application.

Applicants from creative and professional-based disciplines may also include non-research grants and awards related to their creative or professional practice.

Research achievements relative to opportunity (optional)

In recognition of the diverse personal and professional pathways that applicants have experienced, you are invited to provide information ( maximum 200 words ) to contextualise your research outputs and achievements, relative to the opportunities that you have had to participate in research-related activities.

This section of the CV is optional and should only be included if you believe there are factors relevant to your research achievements that you would like the selection panels to know. Examples of factors include (but are not limited to):

• study/career disruptions due to illness, caregiving, natural disasters etc.
• non-linear academic or career progression, or a change in career direction
• reduced ability to take up research-related opportunities (e.g. attend conferences) due to caregiving responsibilities.

Academic referees

Please provide us with two referees who can comment on your academic work. For each referee, include their:

• honorific and name
• employing organisation and the city and country where they are located
• contact details, including office address, telephone, fax and email (preferably an institutional, rather than private, email address)
• an indication of the capacity in which you know this person (e.g. were they a lecturer or thesis supervisor, an employer, how long you’ve known them etc.). 

If possible, please include at least one:

• senior person (preferably your supervisor or the head of your organisational unit) closely associated with your current work, and
• person who is not a member of your proposed advisory panel/supervisory team.

Formatting and document specifications

We recommend that you use the below formatting settings to improve the readability of your CV:

• margins of at least 1.5 centimetres
• single line spacing
• no smaller than 12 point Times New Roman font (or equivalent)
• left justify text (not full justify)
• include your name and page number on each page
• be consistent in your formatting and spelling throughout
• limit the use of bold, underline, italics, and multiple font types.

Please proofread your CV carefully before uploading it to your application.

Save as a PDF and name your file: LASTNAME_firstname_CV.pdf

There is no page limit to your academic CV – it can be as long as required to include the information requested here.

Please include in your CV all the headings listed above – if you do not have any content to add for a particular heading please list ‘None to date’ under that heading .

An academic CV for employment purposes within Australia would not include the information requested here outlining your three most significant publications or your research achievements relative to opportunity. It would, however, include information about professional and service activities undertaken and may include a summary of your relevant research/teaching interest areas and skill sets – this information is not required in the CV you submit here for application to an HDR program.

This should show all study you have undertaken since secondary school, whether complete or incomplete, including the institution grading scale. The grading scale is often found on the final page or the reverse page; be sure to include all pages.

An academic transcript can also be called an:

• academic record
• diploma supplement
• statement of learning
• record of achievement.

A degree certificate is a legal document, imprinted with a university seal. It should state the name of your qualification and areas of study.

Include all degree certificates (testamurs) for post-secondary study with your application. If you studied in China, you must provide a:

• award certificate and
• graduate statement/certificate.

All applicants have to prove they can meet English language requirements . Any test scores have to be valid at your proposed commencement date.

Include a copy of the information page (with your photo) in your passport. This will verify your identity and ensure we can make offers correctly.

Include the contact details of two referees who will support your application. These referees will need to provide insight into your research experience.

We will contact your referees for a report, but you will need to enter their details into the application form.

Other documentation, originals or certified copies, may be required depending on your individual circumstances, for example:

• evidence of change of name
• proof of citizenship, if you are not a citizen of Australia or New Zealand by birth
• evidence of your Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander status
• previous research program information .

If you don't provide us with all documents it will take us longer to process your application. Your start date might then be delayed, or you might miss an admission or scholarship deadline. 

4. Apply online

Once you have prepared your application and contacted a potential supervisor, use the online application form to apply. Your application can only be assessed once your referees have responded to us, and all outstanding documents and school/institute endorsements have been received.

Important dates

The academic year for research students is divided into 4 research quarters (RQ).

If your project or scholarship doesn't have specific application dates, refer to the application dates in this table.

Make sure you check  scholarship round application deadlines  and outcome dates before applying.

You must first receive an offer before you can apply for an Australian student visa. To allow enough time for your visa to be processed, apply at least 6 months before your preferred start date .

If you're already onshore and have a student visa, you may be able to commence earlier.

The agreed start date will be included in your Confirmation of Enrolment and Offer Date.

Find out more about research quarter dates .

The academic year for research students is divided into four research quarters (RQ). You can start a PhD in any quarter, as long as the Census Date hasn't passed.

Candidates applying for a UQ scholarship may need to apply earlier. Make sure you check scholarship round application deadlines and outcome dates before applying.

The agreed start date will be included on your offer of admission.

Find out more about research quarter dates

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander applicants

For support with applying – or if you have any questions about university life – get in touch with our Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Unit.

Contact the ATSIS Unit

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Doctor of Philosophy

As a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) candidate, you’ll complete a substantial program of independent and original research in your chosen field of study. A PhD prepares you for a range of careers - from academic to industry and is the highest degree qualification available. 

• 3–4 years (full time) minimum commitment of 35 – 40 hours per week or
• 6–8 years (part time) minimum commitment of 15 hours per week.
• Offered in all Faculties
• A thesis of no more than 100,000 words.

Entry requirements

Future careers.

• Fees & costs

UNSW undertakes world-class research that tackles some of the greatest challenges facing society today. When you join the UNSW research community, you join a passionate collective of people who are using research to transform minds, transform lives, and transform the world.

UNSW will support you to develop the skills and expertise you need to make a difference in your field. We are committed to providing you with an unmatched PhD experience that includes outstanding research training and mentorship, world-class supervision, and access to research environments defined by excellence and collaboration.

You will receive advanced specialist research training and produce a thesis that provides evidence for independent thought, critical analysis, and expert knowledge of the discipline in an international context. In some disciplines, creative work may form part of the thesis.

Find information about individual PhD programs and codes on the UNSW Handbook .

Learn about the graduate attributes and learning outcomes for UNSW higher degree research programs here . 

The minimum requirement for admission to a PhD is:

• A UNSW Bachelor degree with first or upper second class Honours from UNSW; or
• a completed Master by Research from UNSW with a substantial research component and demonstrated capacity for timely completion of a high quality research thesis; or
• an equivalent qualification from a tertiary institution as determined by the Faculty Higher Degree Committee (HDC)

The minimum requirement for UNSW Scholarship with admission to a PhD is:

• a four year Bachelor degree with first or upper second class Honours from an Australian institution or equivalent research qualification as above.

You may think of yourself as a student, but we think of you as a professional researcher in the early stages of a long and vibrant career.

UNSW will provide you with the skills and expertise to pursue a range of career pathways after you graduate, from academia to industry.

As a PhD candidate, you’ll have access to a wealth of opportunities to work with and alongside industry through industry PhD programs to internships and mentorships .

You’ll also have access to the most comprehensive student entrepreneurship program in Australia, that can help you develop your ideas, raise capital and launch a startup.

Fees and costs

The costs associated with enrolment in a research higher degree program vary depending on whether you are a domestic or international candidate. Learn more about the fees and costs here .

Have questions? Contact us

+61 2 9385 5500

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

Postgraduate research degrees

Apply your theory-driven research to the real world

Work alongside some of the world's brightest and most accomplished academics, access high-calibre facilities, and discover our Higher Degree by Research (HDR) curriculum.

Our research is driven by the big picture. The University of Sydney is home to leading researchers who are finding solutions to the world's most pressing issues by changing the way they look at them. 

With more than 150 world‑renowned research centres, we are one of the world’s leading research-intensive universities. These centres include the  Charles Perkins Centre,  the  Brain and Mind Centre ,  the University of Sydney Nano Institute , the  Sydney Policy Lab , the  Sydney Environment Institute ,  the Sydney Net Zero Institute  and the  Sydney Southeast Asia Centre .

Our interdisciplinary approach means that students are part of a community of scholars that unites experts in fields as diverse as medicine, arts, social sciences, engineering, information technologies and science. 

As a researcher at Sydney, you'll work alongside some of the world's brightest and most accomplished academics. You can access high-calibre facilities and unique international partnerships with top-ranked institutions, including Harvard University, Cornell University, the University of Toronto, the University of Edinburgh, Utrecht University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and the University of Hong Kong.

How to apply

for postgraduate research

To find out more

Why choose Sydney?

Undertake your research degree at one of the world's top universities.

Types of postgraduate research degrees

Master's degree by research.

A master's degree by research at Sydney:

• is the second-highest qualification on the Australian Qualifications Framework
• can be a gateway to study at a PhD level
• is usually one to two years full-time or two to four years part-time*
• is awarded based on a supervised thesis, which makes a substantial contribution to the knowledge of the subject concerned.

*Part-time is not available to international student visa holders.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

A PhD at Sydney:

• is our premier research award and the highest qualification on the Australian Qualifications Framework
• comprises of independent research and writing on an approved topic toward a thesis for examination
• may be undertaken in all faculties and divisions, or across disciplines
• is usually 3.5 years of full-time or seven years of part-time* study.

*Part-time is not available to international student visa holders

If you’re interested in a Joint PhD program, you need to follow the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) application steps 1-3. In addition, your proposed supervisor will need to complete a proposal to negotiate a student agreement form. If accepted, you will also be required to sign an individual student agreement. After your student agreement is finalised, you will then be sent an application form for the Joint PhD program.

Please refer to the University's  Dual and Joint Degree Policy  for full policy details.

Download our  Joint PhD programs factsheet (pdf, 116KB)  to learn more.

Professional doctorate

A professional doctorate at Sydney:

• allows candidates to pursue rigorous scholarship alongside advancing their practice in many fields
• is usually three to four years of full-time or six to eight years of part-time* study.

Find a supervisor

Finding a supervisor with relevant expertise and experience is critical to the success of your research. You can search for supervisors by discipline, keywords, and research themes.

Find a research project

Browse postgraduate research opportunities at the University to find a project that aligns with your research experience and interests. 

Find the right scholarship for you

We have one of the largest research scholarship schemes in Australia. This is just one way we are ensuring our continued commitment to supporting our future research students.

Internship opportunities

Grow professionally and academically through a paid 3-6 month internship with an industry partner as you complete your degree.

The University of Sydney has partnered with  Australian Postgraduate Research Intern (APR.Intern)  to provide domestic and international HDR students with  internship opportunities  in a range of sectors and disciplines.

A paid internship will allow you to:

• Develop competencies that will contribute to your research
• Gain industry experience, develop skills and build networks
• Enhance your employability
• Earn additional income

Research student in labaratory

Financing postgraduate study

From student loans, CSP and scholarships to HECS-HELP.

How to write a PHD research proposal

Follow our guide to preparing a strong research proposal.

Frequently asked questions

Getting started, do i need prior research experience.

Yes, all HDR courses require prior research experience. This is because HDR courses are largely self-driven, requiring pre-requisite research, time and project management skills.

If I have no prior research experience, how can I get started?

If you do not have any previous research experience, there are ways to gain what you need. Both the one-year honours and masters by coursework degrees containing substantial research components are great pathways into research. These courses will allow you to gain the research skills necessary to apply for the PhD.

What is the difference between a Master of Philosophy/Research and a PhD?

The PhD is our premier research award and the highest qualification on the Australian Qualifications Framework. The PhD is usually three years full-time or six years part-time.

The Master of Philosophy/Research is usually one to two years full-time or four years part-time (part-time is available to domestic students only). A PhD thesis is generally around 80,000 words while a master’s thesis is 50,000 words.

How do I find a supervisor?

To browse through the profiles of our researchers and learn about their current and past research, please refer to  Find a Researcher . Here, you will also be able to access the publications lists and contact details of our researchers. 

My research idea crosses two disciplines – is this a problem?

No. Interdisciplinary research is highly regarded in the world of academia and working across disciplines can be very beneficial in developing and demonstrating different analytical skills. Working on research from two perspectives can also offer insight that you would not be able to achieve from one discipline perspective.

What are the English language requirements for a PhD?

Please check your  course page  for the requirements of each course. Generally, the English requirements are between 6.0 to 7.0 IELTS overall or equivalent in other accepted English proficiency tests.

How much do HDR courses cost?

There are no course fees for domestic students – fees are covered by the government Research Training Program (RTP) fee offset. However, fees apply to international students. Please refer to the  course page  for fee details.

What scholarships are available?

We have one of the largest research schemes in Australia. Opportunities include the Australian government-funded Research Training Program (RTP) stipend scholarships and the University of Sydney and faculty-specific awards.  Explore your options .

Degree progression

Do i have to undertake hdr coursework.

It depends on your degree. Your faculty may define certain  units of study as mandatory  for a given degree. Where this is not the case, you may still have the opportunity to complete units of study that you find useful to support your learning and research. 

Can I transfer from the Master of Philosophy into a PhD?

It is possible for students to move to the PhD after the first year of study, if you have made satisfactory progress and if the transfer is approved by your Faculty. It is important to inform your supervisor of your plans early so that you can work on a timeline together to achieve this goal.

Support during your studies

Am i able to work while studying my hdr course full-time.

Yes, you can work during your PhD. How many hours you take on is at your own discretion, and you must ensure that you still allow time for the completion of your research. International HDR students can generally work more hours than coursework students. Please check your individual visa for specific restrictions.

Will the university employ me during my PhD?

There are sometimes opportunities for PhD candidates to engage in paid employment at the University, but this is not guaranteed and is dependent on the Faculty/Department. If opportunities do arise, they may be in the form of teaching, marking, acting as a research assistant, or other roles.

What support services are available to research students?

There is extensive support for research students at Sydney, including 150+ multidisciplinary research and teaching centres.

Other services:

• Library workshops for research skills
• Academic Liasion Librarians
• Research Support Officers
• Careers Centre
• Sydney University Postgraduate Representative Association (SUPRA)
• Learning Hub

Get in touch

Support is available Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm (AEST).

• Doing a PhD in Australia | 2024 Guide
• International

Key Takeways

• Australia offers high-quality PhD programs : With 21 of its universities in the top 300 according to the Times Higher Education Rankings in 2024, Australia provides excellent educational opportunities.
• Understanding the PhD structure is crucial : The PhD process in Australia involves independent research over three years for full-time students, with assessment usually based on the quality of the final thesis.
• Financial planning is necessary : The costs of tuition and living in Australia can be high, but numerous scholarships and financial aid options are available to help offset these expenses.
• The application process involves key steps : Finding a potential PhD supervisor, providing academic qualifications, a research proposal, and references are all part of the application process.
• Opportunities for working while studying : Students are allowed to work up to 40 hours per fortnight during term time, offering the chance to earn extra money for living expenses.
• Australia offers a rich cultural experience : Besides the academic opportunities, international students can enjoy Australia’s vibrant city life, diverse cultural fabric, and stunning natural landscapes.
• Job opportunities and immigration prospects are promising post-PhD : Australia offers numerous opportunities for PhD graduates with different types of visas available, allowing graduates to live and work in Australia for at least four years.

Introduction to Studying PhD in Australia

Are you an international student intrigued by the thought of traversing academic frontiers in the land down under? You are in good company. In 2024, Australia has become a beacon for prospective scholars due to its assortment of excellent PhD programs offered by esteemed Australian universities . This surge of interest isn’t surprising given that 15 of Australia’s universities rank in the global top 250, showcasing a commitment to higher education of exceptional quality.

In fact, the number of PhD completions in Australia has been growing over the past two decades , from about 4,000 to about 10,000 per year!

A PhD in Australia offers not only top-quality education but also a unique academic experience. For instance, Australian doctorates are often assessed without the traditional viva voce—an oral examination—promoting more emphasis on research outcomes. Moreover, Australia offers unique PhD opportunities in areas like marine biology and environmental science, thanks to its diverse ecosystem and landscape. Truly, Australia is the academic adventurer’s paradise.

Choosing a University in Australia for Your PhD

With 43 publicly funded universities and a robust collection of Technical and Further Education (TAFE) institutions, you’ll find no shortage of places to earn your PhD in Australia. Key universities include:

• University of Melbourne
• University of Sydney
• Australian National University
• University of Queensland
• Monash University

These universities contribute to the staggering 21 Australian universities in the top 300, according to the latest Times Higher Education Rankings in 2024.

Several university associations such as The Group of Eight, Innovative Research Universities, Regional Universities Network, and Australian Technology Network further contribute to the strength of Australia’s higher education landscape. When it comes to making a choice of university , it is important to consider factors such as the institution’s reputation, subject choice, university structure, cost of living, and cultural experience to ensure a successful and fulfilling study experience.

Understanding the PhD Structure and Duration

The structure of a PhD degree in Australia typically involves an independent doctoral thesis derived from independent research . A full-time PhD in Australia usually takes three years to complete, while part-time studies may span up to six years, allowing for part-time jobs or other commitments.

Uniquely, Australian PhDs do not usually involve a viva voce. Instead, the final work is sent to external examiners who assess the merit and contributions of your research. Thus, the assessment is based on the quality of your thesis and literature review rather than an in-person examination. By factoring in the required hours per week for research, teaching commitments, and university coursework, prospective scholars can adequately plan their time in this doctoral program .

Cost of Undertaking a PhD in Australia

Pursuing a PhD in Australia involves both tuition fees and living expenses . The cost of a PhD for international students is estimated to be between AUD $20,000-50,000 per year. While domestic students (Australians and New Zealanders) pay significantly lower fees, international students must anticipate this financial commitment when considering a PhD in Australia .

Specifically in regards to international students and STEM PhDs, the following should help give you an indication of the type of costs to expect:

• University of Melbourne : The total course tuition fee for a PhD in Science at the University of Melbourne is approximately AUD 63,584 per year. However, international students may also receive Overseas Student Health Cover and a tuition fee offset.
• University of Sydney : The total tuition fee for a PhD in STEM at the University of Sydney is approximately AUD 51,000 per year.
• Australian National University : The total tuition fee for a PhD in STEM at the Australian National University is approximately AUD 52,100 per year.
• University of Queensland : The total tuition fee for a PhD in STEM at the University of Queensland is approximately AUD 48,040 per year. In addition, HDR students are required to pay a student services and amenities fee of AUD 78 for full-time students and AUD 59 for part-time students.

In terms of cost of living , Australia is one of the most expensive places globally, surpassing both the UK and the USA. The living costs are estimated to be at least AUD $21,041 per year. This includes accommodation costs —potentially over AUD $2,000/month for an apartment in a city centre like Sydney—along with the cost of food (typically AUD $500/month) and travel expenses ranging between AUD 90-325 per week. The Australia Tuition costs coupled with these living expenses necessitate careful financial planning for prospective PhD students.

Scholarships and Financial Aid for PhD Students

Studying for a PhD in Australia need not break the bank. There are numerous PhD scholarships and other types of financial aid available to help offset costs. Universities and the Australian government offer generous funding options . Additionally, potential scholarships are available from diverse sources including university scholarships, government incentives, and specific programs like the Research Training Program .

It’s important to note that eligibility for financial aid and scholarships can depend on your origin, status, and place of study. For example, international students from specific regions might be eligible for the prestigious Australia Awards Scholarships . Also, the University of Sydney has a specific Sydney International Scholarship scheme for talented overseas students.

Due to the competition for these funds, it’s wise to research a broad range of scholarships and apply for more than you think you might need. Remember, every bit of aid you receive lessens the financial load, allowing you to focus more on your research.

The Application Process for a PhD in Australia

Applying for a PhD in Australia involves several key steps and meeting various eligibility criteria. First, you’ll want to reach out to a potential supervisor . This should be a lead researcher of a project or research group that aligns with your interests. You will need an expression of interest from this supervisor to begin your formal application .

The application process usually requires evidence of qualifications, a research proposal, a personal statement, and academic/professional references. Entry requirements typically include a Bachelor’s and Master’s honours degree in a relevant subject. For UK/Ireland applicants, the free Study Options service is available to help navigate this process.

Most applications include a possible interview via video-conferencing. While there is no strict application deadline , it is advisable to apply at least four months before your intended start date. The admission process can be completed through the university website or via agents in your home country.

Every university has its own application process, so carefully check the requirements. Your application form should include academic records and personal documents, and some universities may require confirmation of your eligibility to enter Australia. Lastly, understand the fee structure and be prepared to pay an application processing fee (ranging from AU $50 to AU $150).

The PhD Student Visa Process in Australia

To study in Australia, you will need a Student Visa ( subclass 500 ). Visa requirements include being enrolled in full-time study, having confirmation of enrolment, and having sufficient financial resources (AUD $21,041 per year). English language requirements are specific (IELTS – 6.5, TOEFL – 85, CAE – 176, PTE – 61), and you will need health insurance that meets Overseas Student Health Cover guidelines.

The Student Visa cost is AUD $650, with 75% of applications processed within 25 days. After graduation, the Temporary Graduate Visa (subclass 485) allows PhD graduates to stay for up to four years, extending to six years from July 2023.

Following Covid-19, Australian student visa requirements were relaxed until 30 June 2023, with work hours for overseas students extended to 48 per fortnight during semesters. Additionally, over 70 types of visa exist, including working and skilled visa categories and employer-sponsored visas for international students about to graduate.

Working While Studying: Opportunities and Regulations

While in Australia as a student, it’s not all about studying. You also have the opportunity to work part-time. Students can work up to 40 hours per fortnight during term time, and unlimited hours during holiday periods. These regulations offer you a chance to gain work experience, meet new people, and earn some extra money for your living expenses. Remember to balance your part-time jobs with your study commitments, ensuring you’re successful both at work and in your studies.

Life as an International PhD Student in Australia

In Australia, your journey as an international student does not confine to the corners of an Australian university campus. You’ll experience a vibrant city life from the bustling city centres of top student hubs, like Melbourne and Sydney, to quieter yet enriching atmospheres of Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth, Canberra, and Gold Coast – all featuring in the top 100 student cities globally.

Housing is one of the foremost aspects you would think about, right? Australia offers varied options including university-provided accommodation, managed student accommodation, and private renting or leasing. Universities and government-run services extend their hands with student support services dedicated to international students, ensuring that you never feel left out.

Moreover, student organisations represent international students at state, city, and university levels. You’re not just a PhD student in Australia, but a part of the diverse cultural fabric.

Take your time to explore Australia’s urban attractions like the captivating Sydney Harbour, Melbourne’s cultural centres, stunning Gold Coast beaches, and the enriching museums of Brisbane. Intrigued by history? Perth’s historical sites in Western Australia are a must-visit!

Remember, South Australia and other parts of the country can be significantly distant, often requiring internal flights. However, cities are usually walkable with efficient local transit systems.

Australian Culture for International PhD Students

Australia’s rich culture reflects a beautiful blend of Western traditions, indigenous heritage, and unique geography. As an English speaking country , Australia offers an environment where international students can easily adapt. Its reputation for stunning natural landscapes and diverse wildlife offers a tranquil escape from rigorous academic routines. From the Great Barrier Reef to the vast Outback, there’s a lot to explore!

If you need some inspiration, then the following spots are known to be popular amongst both international and domestic students:

• The Great Barrier Reef
• Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park
• Blue Mountains National Park
• The Twelve Apostles
• Kakadu National Park

Student Services and Support Mechanisms in Australian Universities

Living away from home can be challenging. Thus, Australian universities provide a vast array of student support services dedicated to international students . This ranges from academic assistance, mental health services to career guidance. Government-run services also play a crucial role in ensuring your well-being.

Several student organisations represent overseas students on different levels, fighting for your rights and ensuring a conducive academic environment.

Post-PhD Life: Job Opportunities and Immigration Prospects

After obtaining your postgraduate degree , what’s next? Australia offers numerous opportunities and career paths for PhD graduates. The post-study graduate visas allow you to live and work in Australia for at least four years.

Job opportunities, though concentrated in cities, are varied. They range across businesses, government, and the nonprofit sector – offering you a chance to use your academic career knowledge and gain professional experience . However, keep in mind that immigration rules can limit opportunities unless qualifications match identified skill shortages.

Conclusion: Is Undertaking a PhD in Australia Worth it?

The journey of undertaking a PhD in Australia can indeed be challenging yet enriching. It is not just about the affordable Australia Tuition fees or the potential to study under a distinguished faculty. It’s about personalising your applications, standing out with your academic history, glowing letters of recommendation , and careful financial planning.

The Australian academic year usually starts in March, and most universities have two semesters. From the perspective of a diverse culture, stellar academic opportunities, and a welcoming international student environment – Australia could very well be the best place for your PhD journey.

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