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Scientific Journals

Evo is a genomic foundation model that enables prediction and generation tasks from the molecular to genome scale. Using an architecture based on advances in deep signal processing, Evo is trained on 7 billion parameters with a context length of 131 kilobases at single-nucleotide resolution. Evo captures two fundamental aspects of biology—the multimodality of the central dogma and the multiscale nature of evolution. See pages 729 and eado9336. Illustration: N. Burgess/Science. Data: https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb1AC7/pdb; https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb1C2X/pdb; https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb1XPB/pdb; and Nguyen et al., Science 386, eado9336 (2024).

Conceptual image of an acoustofluidic tweezing device using ring resonator technology to control micron-sized particles in fluids. Xu et al. combined acoustic waves with a high Q factor to create stronger and more precise trapping zones. This allows for non-contact particle manipulation and minimizes heat generation and bubble formation. The technology holds promise for advancing fields such as biosensing, tissue engineering, and lab-on-a-chip applications, opening doors to non-contact, more effective particle manipulation in scientific and medical research. Credit: Acoustofluidics Lab, Duke University

Delayed Deployment of Liver Macrophage Defenses. Newborns are particularly vulnerable to bloodstream bacterial infections that can lead to meningitis, but the mechanisms underlying this susceptibility are not fully understood. Araujo David et al. found that Kupffer cells (KCs)—specialized liver macrophages responsible for bacterial clearance from the bloodstream—relocate from the liver parenchyma to the sinusoids during the first week of life. The relocalization of KCs conferred mice with improved ability to clear bloodborne bacteria and prevent their dissemination to other organs. This month’s cover image, obtained using intravital microscopy, is a maximum-intensity Z-projection of an adult mouse liver after bloodstream bacterial infection. KCs expressing TIM4 (red) are positioned within CD31+ liver sinusoids (blue), where they can effectively capture fluorescent Escherichia coli (yellow) from the bloodstream. Credit: Bruna Araujo David/University of Calgary/AAAS

Perception Through In-Hand Manipulation. Similar to how humans can perceive objects through sight and touch, Suresh et al. constructed a framework that uses data gathered from vision and touch to estimate an object’s pose and shape during manipulation. A dexterous multifingered hand equipped with vision-based touch sensors gathers tactile information while rotating an object. The tactile data, along with visual data from a stationary camera, are input into an online neural field that uses simultaneous localization and mapping to output the geometry of the object. The technique can reconstruct novel objects with high precision, even under heavy occlusion. This month’s cover is an image of a multifingered robot equipped with this framework to perceive the pose and shape of a wooden die.  Credit: Sudharshan Suresh 

This week, Watanabe et al. show that, through epigenetic effects of tumor metabolic reprogramming, PARP inhibitors may be effective against BRCA–wild-type breast cancers when mitochondrial respiration is impaired. The image is a composite of three-dimensional spheroids of triple-negative breast cancer cells in which live cells (green) and dead or dying cells (orange) were detected after cotreatment with a mitochondrial respiration inhibitor and increasing amounts of a PARP inhibitor. Credit: Watanabe et al./Science Signaling

Weighed Down. The cover image symbolizes the burden that individuals with Long Covid bear as a consequence of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, red virion). This Special Issue highlights our current knowledge of Long Covid and other infection-associated chronic conditions (IACCs), emphasizing the work required to improve outcomes for the millions of people worldwide affected by IACCs. An Editorial by Marrazzo et al. describes the goals and impact of the NIH RECOVER Initiative for improving diagnosis and treatment of Long Covid. Four Viewpoints discuss the long-term effects of COVID-19 in children (Saydah et al.), how Long Covid informs our understanding of other IACCs (Peluso et al.), sex-specific differences in Long Covid (Silva and Iwasaki), and how another IACC, posttreatment Lyme disease, is shedding light on IACC diagnosis and treatment (Marques). One Review article discusses animal models of Long Covid (Schäfer et al.), and another Review provides a comprehensive analysis of potential drivers of and candidate therapeutics for Long Covid (Antar and Cox). A Research Article reporting how sex-specific differences during acute COVID-19 correlate with Long Covid development and resolution (Hamlin et al.) completes this Special Issue. CREDIT: Stephan Schmitz (Folio Art)