what is the best biography of napoleon

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Top Ten Books on Napoleon Bonaparte

• Napoleon: A Concise Biography by David A. Bell

David Bell emphasizes the astonishing sense of human possibility--for both good and ill--that Napoleon represented. By his late twenties, Napoleon was already one of the greatest generals in European history. At thirty, he had become an absolute master of Europe's most powerful country. In his early forties, he ruled a European empire more powerful than any since Rome, fighting wars that changed the shape of the continent and brought death to millions. Then everything collapsed, leading him to spend his last years in miserable exile in the South Atlantic.

Bell emphasizes the importance of the French Revolution in understanding Napoleon's career. The revolution made possible the unprecedented concentration of political authority that Napoleon accrued, and his success in mobilizing human and material resources. Without the political changes brought about by the revolution, Napoleon could not have fought his wars. Without the wars, he could not have seized and held onto power. Though his virtual dictatorship betrayed the ideals of liberty and equality, his life and career were revolutionary.

• Napoleon: The Path to Power by Philip Dwyer

Philip Dwyer sheds new light on Napoleon’s inner life—especially his darker side and his passions—to reveal a ruthless, manipulative, driven man whose character has been disguised by the public image he carefully fashioned to suit the purposes of his ambition. Dwyer focuses acutely on Napoleon’s formative years, from his Corsican origins to his French education, from his melancholy youth to his flirtation with radicals of the French Revolution, from his first military campaigns in Italy and Egypt to the political-military coup that brought him to power in 1799. One of the first truly modern politicians, Napoleon was a master of “spin,” using the media to project an idealized image of himself. Dwyer’s biography of the young Napoleon provides a fascinating new perspective on one of the great figures of modern history.

• Napoleon: A Life by Adam Zamoyski

The story of Napoleon has been written many times. In some versions, he is a military genius, in others a war-obsessed tyrant. Here, historian Adam Zamoyski cuts through the mythology and explains Napoleon against the background of the European Enlightenment, and what he was himself seeking to achieve. This most famous of men is also the most hidden of men, and Zamoyski dives deeper than any previous biographer to find him. Beautifully written, Napoleon brilliantly sets the man in his European context.

• The Campaigns of Napoleon by David G Chandler

The Napoleonic wars were nothing if not complex—an ever-shifting kaleidoscope of moves and intentions, which by themselves went a long way towards baffling and dazing his conventionally-minded opponents into that state of disconcerting moral disequilibrium which so often resulted in their catastrophic defeat.

The Campaigns of Napoleon is an exhaustive analysis and critique of Napoleon's art of war as he himself developed and perfected it in the major military campaigns of his career. Napoleon disavowed any suggestion that he worked from formula (“Je n'ai jamais eu un plan d'opérations”), but military historian David Chandler demonstrates this was at best only a half-truth. To be sure, every operation Napoleon conducted contained unique improvisatory features. But there were from the first to the last certain basic principles of strategic maneuver and battlefield planning that he almost invariably put into practice. To clarify these underlying methods, as well as the style of Napoleon's fabulous intellect, Mr. Chandler examines in detail each campaign mounted and personally conducted by Napoleon, analyzing the strategies employed, revealing wherever possible the probable sources of his subject's military ideas.

Unfortunately, this is an older book and it only comes in hardcover. Due to its high price, we recommend that you check it out from a library.

• With Eagles to Glory: Napoleon and His German Allies in the 1809 Campaign by John H Gill

When Napoleon’s Grand Armee went to war against the might of the Habsburg empire in 1809, its forces included more than 100,000 allied German troops. From his earliest imperial campaigns, these troops provided played a key role as Napoleon swept from victory to victory and in 1809 their fighting abilities were crucial to the campaign. With Napoleon’s French troops depleted and debilitated after the long struggle in the Spanish War, the German troops for the first time played a major combat role in the center of the battle line.

In this epic work, John Gill presents an unprecedented and comprehensive study of this year of glory for the German soldiers fighting for Napoleon, When combat opened they were in the thick of the action, fighting within French divisions and often without any French support at all. They demonstrated tremendous skill, courage and loyalty.

• The Invisible Emperor: Napoleon on Elba From Exile to Escape by Mark Braude

In the spring of 1814, Napoleon Bonaparte was defeated. Having overseen an empire spanning half the European continent and governed the lives of some eighty million people, he suddenly found himself exiled to Elba, less than a hundred square miles of territory. Braude dramatizes this strange exile and improbable escape in granular detail and with novelistic relish, offering sharp new insights into a largely overlooked moment. He details a terrific cast of secondary characters, including Napoleon’s tragically-noble official British minder on Elba, Neil Campbell, forever disgraced for having let “Boney” slip away; and his young second wife, Marie Louise who was twenty-two to Napoleon’s forty-four, at the time of his abdication. What emerges is a surprising new perspective on one of history’s most consequential figures, which both subverts and celebrates his legendary persona.

• Waterloo by Alan Forrest

The Battle of Waterloo has cast a long shadow over Europe. It ended the French Empire and Napoleon's aspirations and it significantly altered the direction of Europe. Unsurprisingly, the meaning and significance of Waterloo are different for all of the countries that participated in the battle. Alan Forrest walks through the reader through the battle but explores the consequences and the interpretations of Waterloo. Forrest answers how we remember Waterloo. Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, and the Netherlands all view Waterloo through different a lens.

• The End of the Old Order (Vol.1) by Frederick Kagan

Perhaps no person in history has dominated his or her own era as much as Napoleon. Despite his small physical stature, the shadow of Napoleon is cast like a colossus, compelling all who would look at that epoch to chart their course by reference to him. For this reason, most historical accounts of the Napoleonic era-and there are many-tell the same Napoleon-dominated story over and over again or focus narrowly on special aspects of it.

Frederick Kagan, a distinguished historian and military policy expert, has tapped hitherto unused archival materials from Austria, Prussia, France, and Russia, to present the history of these years from the balanced perspective of all of the major players of Europe. In The End of the Old Order readers encounter the rulers, ministers, citizens, and subjects of Europe in all of their political and military activity-from the desk of the prime minister to the pen of the ambassador, from the map of the general to the rifle of the soldier.

• The Great Retreat: Napoleon's Grand Armée in Russia by Alexander Korolev

The Great Retreat is an unprecedented, visually rich account of Napoleon’s march back from Moscow, built on a remarkable discovery of newly unearthed artifacts and archival sources. It tells the story of how Napoleon lost nearly 400,000 men to the brutal cold, poor planning, and effectively destructive harrying of the Russian army at his heels. Featuring more than 1,600 illustrations and detailed biographies of all 289 regiments and units involved in the retreat, supplemented by unforgettable eyewitness accounts, this book brings Napoleon’s retreat, and its unfathomable human cost, to life in a wholly new way. No student of Napoleon or fan of military or Russian history will want to miss it.

• The Fatal Knot: The Guerrilla War in Navarre and the Defeat of Napoleon in Spain by John Lawrence Tone

John Tone recounts the dramatic story of how, between 1808 and 1814, Spanish peasants created and sustained the world's first guerrilla insurgency movement, thereby playing a major role in Napoleon's defeat in the Peninsula War. Focusing on the army of Francisco Mina, Tone offers new insights into the origins, motives, and successes of these first guerrilla forces by interpreting the conflict from the long-ignored perspective of the guerrillas themselves.

Only months after Napoleon's invasion in 1807, Spain seemed ready to fall: its rulers were in prison or in exile, its armies were in complete disarray, and Madrid had been occupied. However, the Spanish people themselves, particularly the peasants of Navarre, proved unexpectedly resilient. In response to impending defeat, they formed makeshift governing juntas, raised new armies, and initiated a new kind of people's war of national liberation that came to be known as guerrilla warfare. Key to the peasants' success, says Tone, was the fact that they possessed both the material means and the motives to resist. The guerrillas were neither bandits nor selfless patriots but landowning peasants who fought to protect the old regime in Navarre and their established position within it.

• Talleyrand by Duff Cooper

While this book is not specifically about Napoleon, it examines the early 19th century through Tallyrand. Tallyrand was the French Foreign Minister for multiple French regimes and one of the most interesting and remarkable diplomats of the 19th century. Unique in his own age and a phenomenon in any, Charles-Maurice, Prince de Talleyrand, was a statesman of outstanding ability and extraordinary contradictions. He was a world-class rogue who held high office in five successive regimes. A well-known opportunist and a notorious bribe taker, Talleyrand’s gifts to France arguably outvalued the vast personal fortune he amassed in her service.

Once a supporter of the Revolution, after the fall of the monarchy, he fled to England and then to the United States. Talleyrand returned to France two years later and served under Napoleon, and represented France at the Congress of Vienna. Duff Cooper’s classic biography contains all the vigor, elegance, and intellect of its remarkable subject.

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7 Of The Best Books On Napoleon Bonaparte

“Imagination rules the world.”

When it comes to the greatest military leaders in history, few names come close to matching the legacy of Napoleon Bonaparte. Having risen through the ranks as a military genius during the French Revolution, his authoritarian rule as First Consul and then as Emperor led to many cultural and political reforms that helped establish Europe’s contemporary history, and his fast-paced stunning tactics continue to fascinate military schools and historians to this day. From his humble beginnings in Corsica, his expeditions to Egypt, smashing victories at Austerlitz and Wagram, his doomed invasion of Russia to his final defeat and exile following Waterloo, books on Napoleon help us put his achievements into perspective, understand his character and appreciate his legacy on history. Join us today at What We Reading as we present the best Napoleon books and biographies that capture all there is to know about the French emperor (who was definitely average height for the time). 

Napoleon: A Life – Andrew Roberts 

First up on our list of the best books on Napoleon is Andrew Roberts’ definitive biography of the French emperor. From Austerlitz to Waterloo, Napoleon: A Life was the first single-volume biography on Napoleon to make use of the thirty-three thousand letters published by the man himself, completely warping our understanding of his character and motivations. Dictated during his years of exile on St. Helena, these letters show Napoleon to be far more decisive, strategic and forgiving than many readers would likely assume. 

Roberts, an award-winning historian, travelled to fifty-three of Napoleon’s sixty battle sites, uncovered crucial new material in archives and even visited St. Helena personally to paint one of the most compelling portraits of Napoleon. Acute just as much in his political knowledge as he is with his military history, A Life is undoubtedly the most insightful, fascinating and comprehensive Napoleon books ever written. 

Napoleon: The Man Behind The Myth – Adam Zamoyski 

In his 2018 biography, Napoleon: The Man Behind the Myth , Adam Zamoyski makes use of original European sources to take readers beyond the myths surrounding France’s First Consul. Rather than the conflicting views that surround Napoleon ranging from being a god-like genius to a crackpot nasty little dictator , Zamoyski’s landmark work shows that he was instead a rather ordinary individual, capable of flashes that lean into all of these personalities. 

By stripping away the prejudices, The Man Behind the Myth is a book on Napoleon that firmly puts the emperor in the context of his time. From a range of European sources in several different languages, Zamoyski’s book is one of struggle, ambition, conflict and self-interest, examining how a boy from Corsica became ‘Napoleon’. He documents how Napoleon was able to achieve what he did, and how he managed to undo it all. Rather than painting Napoleon as either a genius, romantic or a butcher, Zamoyski expertly attempts to understand Napoleon and his incredible trajectory. 

Napoleon In Egypt – Paul Strathern 

Napoleon’s invasion of Egypt was the first attack from the West on the Middle East in modern history. And, in his acclaimed book on Napoleon, Paul Stathern offers readers a rich and compelling account of a mission fuelled by a quest for riches and glory, and how it ended in disaster. 

Napoleon in Egypt documents the 335 ships, 40,000 soldiers and an array of scholars, artists, scientists and inventors that followed Napoleon on his mission to establish an Eastern empire akin to his hero, Alexander the Great. Yet, this ‘liberation’ effort would soon descend into endless desert marches in the shadows of the pyramids, being hounded by a Muslim army led by the infamous Murad Bey. Not only one of the best Napoleon books for capturing the unquenchable ambition, heroic romanticism and slice of madness that personified all of his efforts, Strathern’s work also shows the significance of Napoleon’s campaign in Egypt in bridging Eastern and Western cultures and broadening, translating hieroglyphics and modern Egyptology. 

The Illustrious Dead: The Terrifying Story Of How Typhus Killed Napoleon’s Greatest Army – Stephen Talty 

In the spring of 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte was at the height of his powers. Forty-five million people called him ‘emperor’ and he led the most cultured and advanced nation on Earth. No army on the continent could match his masterfully trained forces, leading to him turning his attention towards Russia. He assembled the largest army ever seen in human history, and his continued sweep across Europe seemed like an inevitability. 

Yet, even as the disorganised Russians dispersed around him, Napoleon’s invading force would find itself continually picked off by an invisible assailant. The emperor’s fabled brilliance appeared useless as the once all-conquering march descended into a hellish retreat for survival. No list of Napoleon books would be complete without an examination of the infamous invasion of Russia, and Stephen Talty presents a unique take on the tale by going beyond the bloody battlefields and into the ordinary lives of the soldiers present, and the ghastly pathogens that have a hidden role in history. 

Napoleon: A Political Life – Steven Englund 

If you’re looking for a book about Napoleon that focuses more on his enduring political legacy rather than all of his fabled military adventures, Steven Englund has you covered with his famous work, Napoleon: A Political Life . 

This sophisticated biography may not be the best reading for a newcomer to all things Bonaparte, but it does do an excellent job of analysing one of Europe’s most famous generals. From his Corsican upbringing, his French education, his acts of reform as First Consul, his more controversial record as Emperor, all the way to his exile and death, A Political Life is one of the best books for understanding the power Napoleon held, and why he continues to fascinate even to this day. 

The Invisible Emperor: Napoleon On Elba – Mark Braude 

One of the most overlooked parts of Napoleon’s remarkable life was the emperor’s ten-month-long exile on the small island of Elba. But, in Mark Braude’s The Invisible Emperor , readers get a fascinating look at how the most powerful man on the planet turned defeat into one final challenge. 

A jaw-dropping drama mixed with a close character study, The Invisible Emperor presents a different side to Napoleon Bonaparte – as a heartbroken husband, civil engineer, interior designer, decorator, gardener and even spymaster. It also chronicles his efforts to turn two of his greatest enemies into close confidants, build a miniature island empire and famously hatch a plan to return to France without ever firing a single shot. 

Waterloo: The True Story Of Four Days, Three Armies And Three Battles – Bernard Cornwell 

Bestselling historian Bernard Cornwell offers one of the most fascinating books on Napoleon and the Napoleonic Wars in his 2014 work. Already renowned for his ability to bring history to life through his vivid storytelling, Waterloo: The True Story of Four Days, Three Armies and Three Battles is everything you need to know about a campaign that forever altered the course of European history. 

Through the lens of the British, Prussian and French armies amassed across the campaign, Cornwell delves into the heroism and tragedies of what it was truly like to be a soldier fighting at the scene of Waterloo. Pitting two of the greatest military minds on the continent against each other, Cornwell’s combination of gritty descriptions and meticulously researched details make this the definitive account of what would prove to be Napoleon’s final defeat. 

Part-time reader, part-time rambler, and full-time Horror enthusiast, James has been writing for What We Reading since 2022. His earliest reading memories involved Historical Fiction, Fantasy and Horror tales, which he has continued to take with him to this day. James’ favourite books include The Last (Hanna Jameson), The Troop (Nick Cutter) and Chasing The Boogeyman (Richard Chizmar).

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Napoleon: A Life Paperback – Illustrated, October 20, 2015

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• Print length 976 pages
• Language English
• Publisher Penguin Books
• Publication date October 20, 2015
• Reading age 18 years and up
• Dimensions 2.3 x 6 x 8.9 inches
• ISBN-10 9780143127857
• ISBN-13 978-0143127857
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• ASIN ‏ : ‎ 0143127853
• Publisher ‏ : ‎ Penguin Books; Reprint edition (October 20, 2015)
• Language ‏ : ‎ English
• Paperback ‏ : ‎ 976 pages
• ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 9780143127857
• ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0143127857
• Reading age ‏ : ‎ 18 years and up
• Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 2.31 pounds
• Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 2.3 x 6 x 8.9 inches
• #2 in Historical France Biographies
• #4 in French History (Books)
• #49 in Military Leader Biographies

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Customers say

Customers find the book readable, impressive, and engrossing. They appreciate the well-researched and detailed information. Readers praise the author's masterful prose and pace. They describe the biography as masterful, nuanced, and personal. In addition, they find the storytelling interesting and engaging. Additionally, customers appreciate the great pictures and maps included.

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Customers find the book well-written, impressive, and a pleasure to read. They also say it's engrossing and intriguing. Readers mention the book is entertainingly informative.

"...it's also worth getting the audiobook . Narration was great and it's really convenient to listen to while you are on the train or car." Read more

"...It is a story that often leaves you equal parts repulsed, impressed , and sympathetic. I can think of no possible better outcome for a biography." Read more

"Good read!!! Enjoyed this book !! Well written and researched!" Read more

"...like these typically take me months read, but this one was so riveting that it took me only a few weeks...." Read more

Customers find the book well-researched, informative, and detailed. They appreciate the masterful and unrivalled reflections on the bibliography. Readers also mention the book is educational and reasonably objective.

"...It also gives good reasoning on why Napoleon won and why he lost...." Read more

"...His capacity for knowledge , memory, and quick-thinking was truly legendary, and examples abound of his incredible memory even as late as his exile..." Read more

"Good read!!! Enjoyed this book!! Well written and researched !" Read more

"...This is an eminently scholarly and entertaining biography that should become the standard work on the Emperor's life for many years to come...." Read more

Customers find the book readable. They appreciate the author's masterful prose and pace. Readers also say the narration is very professional. They love the style of writing and find it approachable and a pleasure to read. They mention the descriptions of the battles are vivid and colorful.

"...As for Napoleon's campaigns, Roberts does a fine job describing the political situation before the battle, the marches and maneuvers, as well as the..." Read more

"...is chronological, which makes sense for a biography and is easy to follow ...." Read more

"Good read!!! Enjoyed this book!! Well written and researched!" Read more

"...This is excellently written , interesting from first to the last page, and offers an extremely nuanced and personal look into Napoleon's life...." Read more

Customers find the biography masterful, interesting, and nuanced. They appreciate the well-researched, huge book filled with all kinds of details about the life of Napoleon. Readers also say the book is fascinating and engaging.

"In this detailed but accessible biography by Andrew Roberts, we get what is arguably the defining biography of Napoleon for our generation...." Read more

"...written, interesting from first to the last page, and offers an extremely nuanced and personal look into Napoleon's life...." Read more

"...In sum:An excellent study of Napoleon and a great place to find all you want to know...." Read more

Customers find the storytelling interesting, masterful, and engaging. They appreciate the well-written accounts of the battles without all the gore. Readers also mention that the narrative is chronological, exciting, and impactful.

"...As far as Roberts’s writing style, the narrative is chronological , which makes sense for a biography and is easy to follow...." Read more

"...This is excellently written, interesting from first to the last page , and offers an extremely nuanced and personal look into Napoleon's life...." Read more

"This is an amazing story , epic in scale and written in detail and accuracy. What an excellent novel and what an excellent life it depicts." Read more

"...This is a great story told by Andrew Roberts ...." Read more

Customers find the visual style fascinating, comprehensive, and colorful. They say it includes great pictures and maps. Readers also mention the book is brisk and factual, with fascinating anecdotes sprinkled throughout.

"...I found this part accessible and easily understood, with detailed maps marking the units helping to paint a fine picture of Napoleon's famous..." Read more

"...from first to the last page, and offers an extremely nuanced and personal look into Napoleon's life...." Read more

"...'s but also the personalities of those around him are colorfully and often amusingly depicted , again many times in Napoleon's own words...." Read more

"A marvelous , unparalleled account of one of history's greatest characters...." Read more

Customers find the book fast-paced and entertaining. They appreciate Napoleon's blending of speed, maneuver, and convergence. Readers also mention the book moves in sequence through time rather than jumping around.

"...His capacity for knowledge, memory, and quick-thinking was truly legendary , and examples abound of his incredible memory even as late as his exile..." Read more

"Book arrived in great condition & delivery was fast !" Read more

"...speed, maneuver, convergence, a genius for topography and an acute sense of timing but points out that he never understood naval warfare, instituted..." Read more

"The reader reads much too quickly , at a gallop and that gets irritating after a while. Understandably as the book is 900 pages long...." Read more

Customers have mixed opinions about the length of the book. Some mention it's very large, while others say it's excessive for the average reader.

"This book is well written. Here and there sentences are too long , often unusual words show a desire to vary descriptions - both ending in mere..." Read more

"This is an amazing story, epic in scale and written in detail and accuracy. What an excellent novel and what an excellent life it depicts." Read more

"...I did think it was a bit long . The last chapter drug on for me, because the really exciting stuff was over...." Read more

"...the paperback edition is good enough and there is sufficient space in the margins to write some notes. Highly recommend this book." Read more

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